Gerald Carthrae Thomas – General, United States Marine Corps

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Courtesy of the United States Marine Corps

GENERAL GERALD C. THOMAS, USMC (DECEASED)

gcthomas-usmc

 

General Gerald C. Thomas, a veteran of more than 38 years of distinguished service which included duty on four continents spanning two World Wars, Haiti and the Korean conflict, died 7 April 1984 at his home in Washington, D.C.

In 1951 the general earned the Army Distinguished Service Cross and Army Distinguished Service Medal while commanding the 1st Marine Division in  Korea. During World War II he was awarded the Navy Distinguished Service Medal as Operations Officer of the 1st Marine Division in 1942. In that capacity he prepared operational plans for the assault and capture of Guadalcanal and Tulagi. In 1943, after serving as Chief of Staff of the 1st Division at Guadalcanal, he won the Legion of Merit with Combat “V” as Chief of Staff of the 1st Marine Amphibious Corps in the Treasury-Bougainville operation. He was awarded a second Legion of Merit for outstanding service from January 1944 to November 1946, as Director of the Division of Plans and Policies at Marine Corps Headquarters in Washington.

For gallantry in action during World War I, General Thomas was awarded the Silver Star Medal. He also received the Purple Heart Medal for wounds received in action, and as a former member of the 6th Marine Regiment, he is entitled to wear the French Fourragere.

The general was born on 29 October 1894, at Slater, Missouri, and after attending Illinois Wesleyan University, he enlisted in the Marine Corps on 28 May 1917. He was awarded a degree of Doctor of Laws by his alma mater on 10 February 1954.

Sailing for France in September 1917, General Thomas saw action with the 6th Marines at Verdun, Belleau Wood, Soissons, and in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive (Champagne). He was commissioned a second lieutenant in September 1918, and after participating in the occupation of Germany, he returned to the United States in July 1919. That November, he joined the 1st Provisional Marine Brigade in Haiti, taking part in action against Haitian bandit forces until May 1921. In August 1921, he was assigned to the Marine Barracks at Quantico, where he remained for the next two years. During that time he was detached for several months of duty with the guard company at the Disarmament Conference in Washington. He also completed the Company Officers Course at the Marine Corps Schools.

From November 1923, to October 1925, the general commanded the Marine Detachment aboard the USS Tulsa. He was then stationed for two years at the Marine Barracks, Navy Yard, Charleston, South Carolina, and for a year at Camp Holabird, Maryland, where he completed a course in the Army Motor Transport School. In December 1928, after serving as Officer-in-Charge of Land Transportation at the Marine Barracks, Parris Island, South Carolina, he joined the 1st Brigade Marines in Haiti, and became Aide to the Commanding General. He returned to the United States in June 1931, entering the Army Infantry School at Fort Benning, Georgia, the following September.

Graduating in June 1932, General Thomas was made an instructor in the Basic School at the Philadelphia NavyYard. He remained there until August 1934, when he was ordered back to Quantico as a student in the Senior Course. After completing that course, he was ordered to China in July 1935, for duty with the Marine Detachment at the American Embassy in Peiping. He returned to the United States two years later to attend the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and after graduating in June 1938, he joined the staff of the Marine Corps Schools at Quantico.

In May 1941, the general was transferred to Cairo, Egypt, as a naval observer, but he was recalled to Quantico two months later to become Assistant Operations Officer of  the 1st Marine Division. Named Operations Officer of the division in March 1942, he sailed for the South Pacific in that capacity two months later. He was appointed Chief of Staff of the division in September 1942, at Guadalcanal, and in July 1943, he became Chief of Staff of the 1st Marine Amphibious Corps. After participating in the Empress Augusta Bay operation at Bougainville, he returned to Marine Corps Headquarters, where he was made Director of Plans and Policies in January 1944.

In July 1947, General Thomas was named Commanding General of Fleet Marine Force, Western Pacific. After that unit was disbanded in March 1949, he became Chief of Staff of the Marine Corps Equipment Board at Quantico, later serving there as Commanding General of the Landing Force Development Center. He took command of the 1st Marine Division in Korea in April 1951, serving in that capacity until January 1952, when he returned to the United States. The following month he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General and designated by the President as Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps. He served in that billet until June 1954, and the following month became Commandant of the Marine Corps Schools, Quantico. He retired from the Marine Corps and was promoted to his present rank on 1 January 1956.

General Thomas' medals and decorations include the Distinguished Service Cross; Distinguished Service Medal (Army); Distinguished Service Medal (Navy); Silver Star Medal; Legion of Merit with Gold Star; Air Medal with two Gold Stars; Purple Heart Medal; Presidential Unit Citation with one Bronze Star; American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with two Bronze Stars; World War II Victory Medal; National Defense Service Medal; Korean Service Medal with one Bronze Star; United Nations Service Medal; Commander in the Order of the Orange Nassau with Crossed Swords, the French Fourragere and the Korean Presidential Unit Citation.

 

General Thomas was buried with full military honors in Arlington National Cemetery (Section 2, Grave 4967)

Thomas, Gerald C.
Major General, U.S. Marine Corps
Commander, 1st Marine Division (Rein.)
Date of Action:  May 22 – June 20, 1951

Citation

The Distinguished Service Cross is awarded to Major General Gerald C. Thomas, United States Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism in action from May 22 to June 20, 1951, while serving as commanding general of the First Marine Division near the Yang-gu-Inje line, Korea.

General Thomas' division was committed to dislodging fanatical hostile forces from their well-fortified and stubbornly defended positions north of the Yang-gu-Injo line. After seizing the objective area, it became apparent that its successful defense required further advance in the rugged, mountainous region northward.

General Thomas, displaying a superb mastery of military tactics, terrain evaluation, and aggressive, determined spirit, pressed forward and, through a series of skillful division maneuvers, secured vital key terrain features against bitter hostile resistance. To insure maximum utilization of the capabilities of the command, he maintained close personal liaison with the forward element and his presence over extended periods of time and during the peak of bitterest fighting served as a strong, steadying influence and set a lasting example of valor for his officers and men. Constantly vulnerable to hostile fire, he narrowly escaped death on one occasion when the helicopter in which he was riding came under a vicious barrage of mortar and artillery fire.

His unflinching courage under fire, inspirational leadership and deep concern for the welfare of his men, contributed to the repeated success achieved by his command.
General Headquarters Far East Command, General Orders No. 207 (August 13, 1951)

THOMAS, Lottie

Lottie Palmer Capers Johnson Thomas, 98, died January 24, 2002, at Knollwood, following a stroke. She had been a Washington resident since 1956.

With her late husband, General Gerald Carthrae Thomas, a major figure in 20th Century Marine Corps history, and a veteran of World War I, World War II, and Korea, she served in many foreign posts, including Haiti, Panama, and the China Theatre of the 1930's and 1940's.

Mrs. Thomas was born May 27, 1903, in Charleston, Siuth Carolina, a daughter of Dr. and Mrs. William H. Johnson. She attended the Misses Sass' Dame School, and graduated from Memminger High School in 1922. She became a member of the first provisional class of the Junior League of Charleston. She was married in 1924.
She was a member of St. John's Episcopal Church, Lafayette Square, the National Society of Colonial Dames of America, the Huguenot Society of South Carolina, Club of Colonial Dames, and the Army – Navy Club.

She was a past president and a 50 year member of the China Tiffin Club, and a founder and past president of the Marine Officers Wives Club. She had been a docent at Dumbarton House and a Grey Lady. She was an avid gardener.

Surviving are two daughters, Tina Bruder of Alexandria and Ginny Andrews of Washington, two sons, Colonel Gerald C. Thomas, Jr., USMC (Ret.), of the Plains, Va., and W.H. Johnson Thomas of Washington, 11 grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren.

Lottie Thomas died on Thursday, January 24, 2002, at Knollwood in Washington,

D.C. Wife of the late General Gerald C. Thomas, USMC (Ret.), mother of Tina Bruder, Ginny Andrews, Colonel Gerald C. Thomas, Jr. USMC (Ret.), and W.H. Johnson Thomas. She is also survived by 11 grandchildren and eight
great-grandchildren.

Funeral services will be held at Fort Myer Chapel on Tuesday, February 12, at 11 a.m., burial in Arlington National Cemetery. Memorial contributions may be made to All Hallows Guild – The Bishop's Garden, Washington National Cathedral, Massachusetts and Wisconsin Ave., Washington, D.C. 20016, or the National Society of Colonial Dames of America, Dumbarton House, 2715 Q Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20007.

THOMAS, GERALD C

  • GEN   US MARINE CORPS
  • VETERAN SERVICE DATES: 01/01/1939 – 01/01/1959
  • DATE OF BIRTH: 10/29/1894
  • DATE OF DEATH: 04/07/1984
  • DATE OF INTERMENT: 04/11/1984
  • BURIED AT: SECTION 2  SITE 4967-A-1
    ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY

THOMAS, LOTTIE J

  • DATE OF BIRTH: 05/27/1903
  • DATE OF DEATH: 01/24/2002
  • DATE OF INTERMENT: 02/12/2002
  • BURIED AT: SECTION 2  SITE 4967-A-1
    ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY
  • WIFE OF THOMAS, GERALD C GEN US MARINE CORPS

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