John Aaron Rawlins Major General, United States Army Secretary of War |
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| Born
January 13, 1831 at Gelena, Illinois, his family originated in Virginia
and came to Illinois by way of Kentucky. When his father went to California
for the gold rush there in 1849, he maintained the family, at the same
time obtaining a law education and admission to the State Bar in 1854.
He served as city attorney in Galena in 1857 and like most of his midwestern
contemporaries, he was a Douglas Democrat in 1860. With the outbreak of
the Civil War, he was a successful politician with a passion for military
life, and he teamed with an unassuming ex-Captain of the Army who clerked
in his brother's leather store, Ulysses S. Grant. Within eight years Grant
would be President and Rawlins his Secretary of War.
Grant asked him to become his aide-de-camp, and on August 30, 1861, he was commissioned a Captain and Assistant Adjutant General on the staff of Grant, who was then a Brigadier General. From that time until the end of his brief life, he was Grant's alter ego, discharging with objectivity the duties and responsibilities of intimate friend, military and political adviser, editor, and, on perhaps a few occasions, apostle of sobriety, although it would seem that he played this role far less than is popularly believed. In any event, Grant referred to him a the most nearly indispensable man he had around him. As Grant attained fame and promotion, he secured for him advances in grade. He was made Major on May 14, 1862; Lieutenant Colonel, November 1, 1862; Brigadier General of Volunteers, August 11, 1863; Brigadier General, U.S. Army, Chief of Staff, with rank from March 3, 1865, the last appointment of Brigadier General in the Regular Army made during the Civil War. He was breveted Major General in both the Volunteer Service and the Regular Service. His first wife had died of tuberculosis in 1861, and it was determined that he was suffering from the disease as well. The recommended travel on the high plains over the proposed route of the Union Pacific Railroad failed to improve his health, and when Grant made him Secretary of War in March 1869, he had only five months to live. He died in Washington on September 6, 1869 and was originally buried in a friend's vault in Congressional Cemetery in Washington. He was subsequently moved to Section 2 of Arlington National Cemetery. RAWLINS, JOHN A
Photos Courtesy of the National Archives
Photos Courtesy of Janet Greentree Page Updated: 14 May 2000 Page Updated: 20 October 2000 Page Updated: 24 June 2001 Updated: 1 September 2002 Updated: 15 January 2003 Updated: 6 September 2004 Updated: 17 October 2004 Updated: 24 December 2006 |
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